Mikhail Melnikov Biography

Born on August 26 in Moscow, in the family of a pharmacist. In the year he graduated from 10 classes of secondary school in Moscow. Since the year - a student of the Moscow Aviation Institute. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War in October, he was evacuated to the village of Bilimbai of the Sverdlovsk region along with the plant. There, under the leadership of A. Isaev, he took an active part in the creation of a liquid missile engine for the first Soviet reactive aircraft “Bo-1”, on which in May the testing pilot G.

Bakhchyndzhi performed the first reactive flight in the USSR. In the year he returned from evacuation to Moscow, where in the team A. Isaev continued to work on the creation of liquid missile engines of multiple use LSR; He proposed a number of fundamentally new technical solutions and implemented their implementation in practice. In the year he completed his education and received a diploma of the Moscow Aviation Institute.

Over the years of work in NII-1, he performed a number of developments in which he first ensured the almost complete combustion of fuel in the GSR chamber, proposed a method for analyzing the losses and calculating the specific impulse of the LRP, and developed the LSR of a closed scheme. In the year he was on a three -month business trip in Austria to study the German experience of creating and production of reactive equipment.

In the years, the Central Research Institute of Engineering was transferred to the Research Institute for the position of the head of the department, but worked there for only a few months. Koroleva, from the year - deputy chief designer OKB -1 S. Korolev, deputy chief designer - head of the complex. In this glorified team, the talent of an outstanding designer-engineer was fully revealed.

Starting with the creation of the LSR for the legendary “seven” rocket-launch vehicle R-7, the first start in May of the year, already in the year, together with S. Kosberg, completed the creation of a cosmic LSR for Block “E”. This ZhRD was equipped with spacecraft, on which Yu. Gagarin started into space, research spacecraft to the moon were launched.

In the year, the development and creation of a LRP for the LC "L" they equipped artificial satellites of the Earth type "Lightning", interplanetary devices for the study of Venus and Mars. Then M. Melnikov successfully solved the problems of regenerative cooling of oxygen-caerosynic grub with kerosene and the creation of supersonic diffusers for ground tests of the LRP.

In years, he worked a lot on the problem of trouble -free operation of the LSR in space flights. For outstanding merits in the creation of samples of missile technology and ensuring a successful person’s flight to the space of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR “closed” of June 17, Melnikov Mikhail Vasilyevich was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Golden Alews and Hammer.

Continuing an outstanding scientific and design work, by the year he developed multiple use LCD for the “D” Bloc ”numerous artificial Earth satellites and interplanetary devices. In the year, a LRD was created for the DM block, in which Melnikov for the first time in the world practically solved the task of complete use of fuel energy, this engine has continued to be successfully used for 40 years!

Created a LRP of a closed circuit for cosmic piloted ships of the Soyuz type. In years, he developed a unique comprehensive automation of the testing of the LSR with the control of the parameters of the engine operating process, which reduced the timing of ground tests and the entire process of developing missile engines by orders of magnitude. Since the year - the chief researcher is a scientific director, chief researcher, scientific consultant of the NPO Energia NPO NPO.

Many developments of M. Melnikov significantly ahead of their time and were used and practically embodied by the next generation of Soviet and Russian missile engines. In particular, this applies to the latest stage of the scientist’s creative activity - the creation of a thermoemission nuclear power plant of high power. At the same time, he paid a lot of attention to teaching at the Moscow Aviation Institute, where he taught since the year.

The author of the first domestic textbook on the theory of the LRC and a number of scientific works. Prepared 90 candidates and 8 doctors of science. Doctor of Technical Sciences Professor Author from above scientific papers, holder of copyright certificates for inventions. From the year - retired. He lived in the city of Gero Moscow. He died on May 7. He was buried in the Ostankino cemetery in Moscow.

The Lenin Prize of the USSR State Prize of the USSR used the materials of the website of the magazine "Cosmonautics News and Space Memorial" was awarded to 2 Lenin Orders.