Erickson Eric Biography

Eric Gomburger Erickson German-American psychologist Erikson Erikson Eric Homburger-German-American psychologist and psychotherapist; Creator of the genre of psychostory. In his youth he was an artist specializing in children's portraits. After meeting A. Freud in the year, he began to work as a teacher at her children's school, simultaneously attending the seminars of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society.

In the end of the Vienna Institute of Psychoanalysis, he emigrates in the United States, where he is engaged in psychoanalytic practice and teaches at universities. The center of his professional interests was the problem of a person’s search for his psychosocial identity, which gradually develops in childhood through consistent “I-synthesis” and transistallizations.

He built the original scheme of the epigenetic development of man throughout his life, in which he identified eight stages of development of identity. A one or another decision by a person of age and situational tasks of development, according to Erickson, affects the success or failure of his subsequent life. He studied the connections of an individual life cycle with the generation cycle, the problems of generation dynamics.

The release date of his book “Young Luther” is considered the date of birth of the psychostory he created. The description of the so -called “pseudo -formation” carried out by Erickson is important, when one group of people treats another as a hostile look, an unworthy of existence, which poses a threat to the existence of mankind. He also warned of the possibility of pseudo -identity and negative identity, considered the aim of therapeutic work the return of the lost feeling of identity to the patient.

Modern Western philosophy. Khefff, V. Malakhov, V. Filatov, with the participation of T. Works: identity: youth and crisis. Psychoanalytic historical research. Erikson Erikson nefofreidism Eric Gomburger June 15, Frankfurt, May 12, Massachusetts-German-American psychologist and psychotherapist, theorist of neo-Framidism; Creator of the genre of psychostory. In his youth he was a wandering artist, in –33 he taught drawing at school A.

Freud at the same time attended the seminars of the Vienna Institute of Psychoanalysis. C - member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society and the International Psychoanalytic Association. After the Nazis came to power, he emigrated to the United States; In the 30s. In the same period, he participated in the field studies of the group of cultural studies in the reservations of South Dakota; Subsequently, these observations formed the basis of his first book “Childhood and Society” by Childhood and Society,, Rus.

In years, he taught at California Berkeley and Pittsburgh universities. At the turn of the 50th -year. He resumed academic activities at Harvard, where he gave a course of lectures on the theory of life. In the spirit of a common tendency for the sociocultural rethinking of classical psychoanalysis, under the influence of the ideas of egopsychology, A.

Freud and others. The Foreign Ministry Erickson comes to the conclusion about the need to include the concepts of “social environment” and “historical moment” in Freud theory. In the center of his philosophical and psychological concept is the concept of psychosocial identity, embracing both the subjective feeling and the objectively observed quality of the self-identity and integrity of the individual self, associated with the belief of this I in the identity and integrity of one or another of the image of the world and man separated with other.

Identity includes such aspects as the continuity of self-awareness against the background of changing objects of the “ego-eagenic” experience, the norm of individual mental development in the ontogenesis “personal identity”, the involvement of an individual being in the specific segment of “psychoistoric identity”, and finally, the psychological stability of a person in the face of non-being “existential identity”.

Erickson considers the life cycle of personality as a collection of eight replacing each other stages of development, and its communication with significant others is the determining factor of this development of the individual. The culmination of the formation of identity is youth. During the normative youthful crisis of identity, a qualitatively different personal integrity arises, discovered by subsequent transformations in response to the requirements of the “historical moment”.

Only in youth, the unconscious process of the formation of identity can become a factor in the socio-historical self-awareness of man and the era. In both psychological and historically, youth mediates the connection between the past and the future. From this point of view, history can be interpreted as a continuum of individual life cycles, and historical evolution is meaningful in terms of generational metabolism.

This forms the border area of ​​psychostory. The psychostory acts as an auxiliary tool for a traditional historical study. Refusing the information of the facts of world history of culture to irrational impulses of the psyche of geniuses, Erickson considers the internal conflicts of creative personalities - M. Luther, T. Jefferson, M. Gandhi, B. Show, M.Gorky-as an expression of socio-psychological and moral problems of their time and culture.

Eric-Son associates the historical significance of the personality and the success of its socio-cultural and worldview innovations with its adequate intenterization of the spiritual contradictions of the era. The subject of psychoistoria is constituent, beliefs, emotional and moral stereotypes, including their irrational components, and refraction of this content in the searches of a creative person.

The principles of psychoistoric analysis are widespread in American social science - XG. Yakimova is a new philosophical encyclopedia. In four volumes. Stepin, A. Huseynov, G. IV, p. One of the founders of ego-psychology Erickson Erickson Eric is an American psychologist, one of the founders of ego psychology. He was educated at the Vienna Institute of Psychoanalysis shortly after its graduation moved to the United States.

He worked at the Harvard University of Harvard, at the Berkeley University in California. From in G. in his psychology, he was based on the postulate of the sociocultural conditionality of the human psyche. Developed the concept of psychosocial identity. In his opinion, the individual's identity ensures the integration, on the one hand, his past, present and future, on the other, his inclinations and social roles, acting as a basis for comparisons with others.

In addition, identity acts as the main factor of mental health. In conditions of significant social movements, this identity can be impaired, therefore, special psychotherapeutic measures are necessary for its restoration. He developed the theory of the stadial development of the individual, which involves the child passing a number of typical stages of development of Childhood and Society.

Penguin Books,; in Russian. So, the process of personality development is committed from birth to death and passes eight stages. A specificity of age depends on both the situation and on the age.

At each stage, a certain task of development is solved, each of which aims to acquire a certain socially significant quality trust, autonomy, initiative, etc. Depending on the quality and completeness of solving or not a certain problem of age, corresponding personality neoplasms arise. The infant stage is up to 1 year: basic trust or distrust of a significant group is represented by a mother.

Early age from 1 year to 3 years: autonomy or a sense of dependence, adult family members. The game stage is from 3 to 6 years: initiative or feeling of perpetrators guilty. School stage from 6 to 12 years: productive objective activity or a sense of inferiority significant strangers. Teenage stage from 12 to 18 years: identity or diffusion of identity peers.

Youth from 18 to 25 years: intimacy and solidarity or isolation close friends, beloved. Aduli from 25 to 54 years old: creativity or stagnation of a colleague or family. Old age after 54 years: ego integration or disappointment in life several people or the whole world. Kondakov I. Illustrated Dictionary. Works: Young Man Luther. What is psychology: in 2 tons.

The history of psychology: from antiquity to the middle of the 20th century. The history of modern psychology. Shihi, E. Chepman, U. Personality: theory, experiments, exercises. The American sociologist and psychologist of Danish origin, the founder of the theory of identification. He grew up in a Jewish family in Germany. From early childhood, he experienced the search for identity, i.e.

Erickson, early manifested the talent of treating children, to which A. Freud, the daughter of the famous psychoanalyst, drew attention to. Erickson studied at the Psychoanalytic Institute; A. Freud became his teacher. Erickson later moved to the United States, where he again faces the problem of identity, as in all immigrants. He comprehended his thoughts theoretically, his ideas were found in practical application in working with the Indians, as well as with veterans who returned from the Second World War.

His theory of age-related crises of identity, and especially the crisis of the teenage and youthful period, became popular in the year marked by student rebels in Europe and the USA, the emergence of a number of youth subcultures. Then Erickson's books were published in millions of circulations. Erickson socialized classical psychoanalysis, continuing the line begun by A.