Mikhail Lavrentiev Biography

He was born on November 6 in the city of Kazan now - the Republic of Tatarstan in the family of a teacher of mathematics of a technical educational institution later than a professor of mechanics, first of Kazan, then Moscow University. In the years, together with his father was in the city of Gettingen Germany, where he studied at school. In the year he graduated from the Kazan Commercial School and entered the Physics and Mathematics Department of Kazan University.

In years, simultaneously with his studies, he worked at Kazan University with a laboratory assistant of a mechanical office and a teacher. In the year he moved to Moscow and transferred to the Physics and Mathematics Department of Moscow State University, which he graduated from the year. In the year he defended his thesis for the degree of candidate of physical and mathematical sciences and was sent for six months to France for scientific improvement.

Upon returning to Moscow at the end of the year, he was elected by a Privat-Docheth of Moscow State University and a member of the Moscow Mathematical Society. He began to read at Moscow State University a course on the theory of conformal displays of transformations of space that retains the size of the corners. Since the year, I took up an important problem for approaching the functions of a complex alternating to more simple functions - polynomials.

The beginning of his studies on the theory of quasyconformic references, which was explained by the urgent needs of the aerodynamics of increased speeds: a model of inconsistent fluid used at low flight speeds, has ceased to be fair. In the year, as part of the Soviet delegation, he participated in the International Mathematical Congress in Bologna Italy with a report on quasiconform display.

B - senior engineer of the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute named after N. Zhukovsky TsAGI.

The circle of interests of M. Lavrentiev and his group included such sections of hydro-aerodynamics as the theory of the oscillating wing, the movement of the wing under the surface of a heavy fluid, a stroke of the solid body on water, building a stream flowing into a given form and a number of others. The results obtained were further used, in particular, in solving the problem of Flutter.

A general method of solving the problem of flowing of thin wing profiles of arbitrary form was found; It is shown that the wing in the form of an arc of a circle has the greatest lift. Applied tasks stimulated further research on the theory of variational principles of conformal display. B-head of the department, professor of the Moscow Chemical and Technology Institute. Since the year - professor of Moscow State University.

Without the defense of the dissertation on the totality of scientific papers in the year, he was awarded the academic degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences, and in the year-a doctor of physical and mathematical sciences. From the year - the senior researcher at the V. mathematical Institute headed the department of the theory of functions and raised a large number of students who later became outstanding scientists.

By the middle of the x, he became a universally recognized head of the Soviet school theory of the functions of a complex alternating. Continued classes the theory of functions of the complex alternating and its applications. In Ukraine, he began studies related to the mechanics of the explosion. In and-professor of the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Kyiv State University. The scientists headed by him made mathematical calculations for the strength of the parts of the structures of aviation engines and other mechanisms used for military purposes.

He continued research in the field of the theory of functions of the complex variable and the theory of the explosion, paying special attention to cumulative explosions. Assuming that at high temperatures, materials behave like viscous liquids, developed a hydrodynamic theory of cumulation. Successfully solved a number of military engineering tasks, participated in the creation of a domestic cumulative shell.

In the study of the characteristics of the cumulation, the phenomenon of metal welding was discovered by an explosion, which was widely used in the future. In connection with the problem of flooding of captured sea vessels, he studied the effect of an underwater explosion. The formation of cumulative jets was found that formed when collapsing in the water cavity from explosion products.

The same period includes the idea of ​​using cord charges based on “wet gunpowder”, which turned out to be a suitable tool for laying trenches, for cutting metals, organizing directed explosions. I studied the mixed type equations describing the gas currents in the transition areas through the sound speed, proposed to use a mixed -type model linear equation of a mixed type instead of a known equation of the trisom.

In the year, a report on ways of developing Soviet mathematics was published at the session of the USSR Academy of Sciences. He paid special attention to computing mathematics and technology, called for the speedy creation of the institution of computer technology. In the year he moved from Kyiv to Moscow and in the year was elected director of the Institute of Accuracy Mechanics and Computing Technology of the created in Moscow.In the institute, in the shortest possible time, the first samples of domestic electronic scores - the ancestors of domestic computer technology were created.

Then he was involved in the work on the creation of atomic weapons in the USSR. He led this institute up to a year. In years, simultaneously academician-secretary of the Department of Physical and Mathematical Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and professor of Moscow State University. During this period, a new higher educational institution was created on the basis of Moscow State University-the Moscow Physics and Technical Institute of the MIPT, which played an important role in the training of highly qualified personnel for new branches of science and technology that arose in the post-war years.

At this Institute, he founded a specialization in the theory of explosions, in years he headed the Department of Physics of Quick Propuisals. B - Deputy Scientific Director of the KB Nuclear Center in Arzamas, continued to work in the KB part -time in years. Together with N. Bogolyubov, he headed work on numerical modeling of atomic weapons. Then, together with V.

Vladimirov, L. Ovsyanikov and D. Shirkov, he developed atomic shells for artillery, which ensured the possibility of using atomic weapons on the battlefield. In the year, the idea of ​​creating scientific complexes in Siberia, in places of especially intensive development of industry and agriculture, put forward together with S. Khobolev. This idea was supported by a number of large scientists.

The Siberian branch became widely known throughout the world, established itself not only by a series of fundamental developments, but also by their application to the most vital tasks of the development of Siberia, the Far East and the European part of the country. He owns the choice of the organizational structure of the institute, its scientific problems, giving them the character of both search and applied, determining the appropriate combination of fundamental studies with national economic tasks.

He led the institute up to a year. With his active participation, the Novosibirsk State University was organized in the year, the first academic year began in September. The base for student practice was the scientific institutes of the Novosibirsk Academgorodok. He lectured at Novosibirsk State University, a university professor, headed the departments of mathematical analysis and hydrodynamics in the Novosibirsk Akademgorodok, with the active participation of M.

Lavrentiev, were first created by specialized physical, mathematical and then chemical boarding schools, and the club of young technicians. The official opening of the first specialized physical and mathematical boarding school of the FMS at the Novosibirsk State University took place in January of the year. The organizer of the year and the chairman of the Scientific Council for the People's Economic Use of the Examing under the Presidium of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.

He lived and worked in Moscow since the year. Acting member of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Honorary Member of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, corresponding member of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin, a member of the Academy of Sciences of Finland, a foreign member of the French Academy of Sciences, a Foreign Member of the Polish Academy of Sciences died on October 15 in Moscow.

He was buried in the South Cherbuzin cemetery in Novosibirsk. The Lenin Prize, two Stalinist prizes of the 1st degree, was awarded the 5th Orders of Lenin, awarded a large gold medal named after M. Honorary citizen of Novosibirsk by his name named avenue in Novosibirsk, streets in Kazan and the city of Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, mountain peaks on Pamir and Altai.

In Novosibirsk, a bust of M. Memorial boards has been installed on a prospectus, which bears his name: in Novosibirsk - at the building of the Institute of Hydrodynamics, in Moscow - at the building of the Institute of Accuracy Mechanics and Computing equipment, in Kyiv - at the house in which he lived. There was a gold medal named after M. Lavrentiev RAS. M. scholarships were established Works: Fundamentals of variational calculus.

In 2 parts in co-authorship with L. will grow Siberia. Novosibirsk,; Methods of theory of functions of a complex alternating variable in co -authorship with B. Mathematics and mechanics. The original biography is provided by Maxim Vologda.