Danov biography

Travel in time of raw Datules - gg. Syrym-Batyr-Kazakh batyr, organizer and head of the anti-colonial, folk liberation struggle of the Kazakhs in the first half of the 19th century. In the year in the younger Juz, the rebellion of the peasants - Sharuoa, led by the foreman of the Baibakt Syryma Datula, broke out. Nine years earlier, S. Datula was headed by a Kazakh detachment, who fought on the side of Emelyan Pugachev in a peasant war - years.

True, the participation of Syryma in this war was inconsistent. Datules were captured and imprisoned, from where he was bought by Khan Nuraly. But from the time of the raw, he also moved away from this ruler. All this was, so to speak, a prelude to the uprising of Sharuu under the leadership of Syrym Datula. It was anti -colonial and anti -feudal. The reasons for the uprising were land tightness, the prohibition of the royal authorities of the crossing of the cattle breeders to the right bank of the Ural River, the infringement of the rights of tribal foremen, robbery and violence over the people from the Khan Nurala and the Sultans, the Ural Cossack Army and the Tsarist Administration.

In the winter, the foremen of the Ural Cossack army were stolen from the Kazakhs of the younger Zhuz, who crossed the Ural River of more than 4 thousand horses. In the conditions of Jute, cattle hijacking heavily reflected on the farm of the peasants, who were the main driving force of the uprising. Reactic detachments concentrated in the area of ​​the Sagyz River.

By the year they had a person. The popular uprising, along with the Syrym Batyr, was led by such authoritative people as Barak-Batyr, who had sarbazov and Telenshi Batyr with sarbazes. The rebels attacked the Antonon outpost and the sugar fortress. Frightened by the scope of the popular movement, Khan Nuraly and Sultan Aichuvak turned to the tsarist administration in Orenburg for military help.

The tsarist punitive detachments were sent to suppress the uprising in February. The struggle of the rebels against the khan, sultans and punishers caused hot sympathy and support from the people. Many Kazakh villages left the possessions of Khan Nuraly and joined them. In April, Khan, under the onslaught of the rebels, fled under the defense of the tsarist authorities, and on July 3 of the same year, Catherine II signed a rescript on the removal of Nural Khan.

Khan's power was crisis. Using the situation, the tsarist government decided to completely abolish it. Governor-General O. Igelstrom developed a project of the new management. However, the reform was not equally perceived by both part of the Kazakh nobility, especially the sultans, who opposed, and the local tsarist administration. In the fall of the year, O.

Igelstrom put forward a new project of the GUZ management, which again made a machine for Khan's power. In the new main department, under the leadership of Khan Syrym Datula, the position of the prosecutor was intended. But the updated policy only exacerbated the situation in the region. The Kazakhs were infringed on the rights to use pastures in the interfluve of the Volga and the Urals.

And this inevitably caused confrontation between the younger Zhuz and Russia in this vast region. After unsuccessful reforms, O. Igelstrom was recalled from Orenburg. Under the new Governor-General A. Peoutling, relations with the rebels were again aggravated. In the X years, the foremen of the Ural Cossack army resumed raids on Kazakh villages. So in the fall of the year, Ataman D.

Donskov with the soldiers attacked the Kazakhs, defeated the wagons, took their property, killed a man, led 57 prisoners and many horses, camels, cows, and rams. Everywhere in the junior zhuz, relations between peasants and nobility were aggravated. The speeches against the Sultans became especially active, after the election of the new Khan Erala in the year. The raw Datules fighting against Khan Erala, during this period began to navigate the Central Asian rulers.

The uprising was activated by the summer of the year and covered the entire younger Juz. In the fall of the year, the main forces of the rebels led by Syrym Datules attacked the Iletsky Gorodok Iletskaya fortress, located on the banks of the Wil River. However, they could not take possession of the fortress with a storm. By this time, the majority of the bi and sultans who previously participated in the uprising moved away from the struggle, and the raw Batyr moved to the partisan war.

The rebels began to attack the border fortifications, Khan Erala died in the year, who served the tsar’s power in the year, and only in the year the Khan of the Younger Zhuz was proclaimed Esim, the son of Nurala, who took measures to suppress the uprising. Having captured several leaders, he gave them to the tsarist authorities. The disaster of the masses was aggravated by the jute of winter - years.

Mass death of livestock led to hunger. In the spring of the year, the rebels attacked the khan of Esima, plundered auls, and Esim himself killed. The Kazakh nobility was alarmed by this event and actively participated in the punitive expeditions of the tsarist authorities. It became clear that the old methods would not be able to suppress the rebellion of the peasants.

Therefore, the Khan Council was again appointed to the Orenburg province, which the younger GUZ was subordinate to the military governor, on his initiative, which included representatives of the Sultanov and foremen.This fully met their interests, led to the unification and general performance against the struggle of the Kazakh peasantry. Here the inconsistency of the sryma of the Datula was manifested: on August 29, he arrived at the place of meeting of the Council with a detachment of more than a thousand people and announced the cessation of the struggle in connection with the difficult position of the people.

For this he was included in the Khan Council, and the rebels lost their leader. In the fall of the same year, the younger Zhuz, at the insistence of the tsarist administration, was headed by the elderly Khan Aichuvak. With his election, the sultans and foremen agreed, including a raw batyr. The incompetent old man Aychuvak arranged everyone, because he could not have any influence on big politics.

As a result, the reconciliation of the sultans and tribal elders took place, which knocked out the platform from under the feet of Syrym, on which he built his policy on uniting the elders of the clans and to combat the colonial authorities and the grouping of the Sultans. He was not able to create a new form of Kazakh statehood, where folk congresses would have a decisive word, and in the intervals between them the main tribal foremen.

Peasant performances, lasting about 14 years, went on decline and soon stopped. Pursued by the Sultans, the raw Batyr was forced to flee to Khiva at the end of the year, where, according to one version, he was killed on their assignment.