Speransky facts of biography

Mikhail Speransky. Our fellow countryman was born in the village of Cherkutino. Now it is located in the Sobinsky district. A native of the lower classes, the priest’s son was able to take off so high that he subsequently led the reformation of Alexander I, and under Nicholas I played a crucial role in the systematization of the laws of the Russian Empire. But there is not so much known about one of the first stages in his life, when he entered the theological seminary of the city of Vladimir.

To begin with, the bas -relief, which is present on the building in Bolshaya Moskovskaya, contains a lot of mistakes. The text is as follows: “In this place was the Vladimir Spiritual Seminary, in which from the GG. Secondly, there were several buildings on the territory of the seminary, and it is quite possible that Speransky was not in the corps, which was located on the site of the house in Bolshaya Moskovskaya.

Thirdly, the last months of training, Mikhail Mikhailovich, gnawing the granite of sciences not at all in Vladimir, but in Suzdal! He became a graduate of the Suzdal seminary. Fourth, he finished his studies not in the year, but on December! Let's try to figure out which stories about Speransky are not accurate or simply thought up. Why did you give the last name?

So, the son of a priest did not have any surname at all. For that time, this was quite normal among ordinary people. Where did she come from? The most common myth about this is due to the fact that Mikhail Mikhailovich received a surname in the seminary for success in study. Translated from Latin, Speransky means "providing hopes." Speransky is actually just a guess. The story is beautiful, but not confirmed.

The earliest of the well -known written references to Mikhail Mikhailovich is found in the seminar document of the year, which indicates the composition of students by the beginning of the year. A decree was given to him on the receipt of Ponomar income in the same village. ” The field also indicated: "capable." Here, in fact, everything that is about the period when Mikhail was appointed such a surname.

The author of this article, by the way, is inclined to believe in the version that her husband of Speransky was invented by her husband - Matvey Theological, and she was only approved in the seminary. But this opinion will remain a version until any written evidence is found, if they exist at all. According to philosophy, for example, teachers celebrated it with the word "acute concept." But if we talk about the “presenting hope” by young Mikhail, then among the assessments he did not always meet the same high.

By a number of subjects, teachers wrote only: “not thin”, “understandable”, “capable”. I repeat the Vladimir stage of life: in fact, no one knows for sure when Speransky entered the theological seminary. Historians always write that this happened for about a year. Maybe then it is known exactly where the student years of the future statesman took place? But this cannot be said with complete confidence.

More precisely, this educational institution was then located in former monastery buildings at the Virgin Church of the city. At the same time, the Bogoroditsky Church was held at that time in the Bishop House of the Virgin-Rogestanian monastery Vladimir. In which case or buildings did Mikhail Mikhailovich study - there is no exact answer. The story is silent about this. The Mother of God, the Knritty Monastery of Vladimir, is known differently: during his studies, Speransky read the sermons in the same Christmas monastery, as well as in the already disappeared Ilyinsky Church, which was nearby.

Ilyinsky church on the right. In Vladimir, he lived with his cousin Tatyana Smirnova. There were several "Smirnov houses" in the city.

Some were in the area of ​​modern Baturin Street. One was not so far from the jelly of the mountain. It is possible that Mikhail Mikhailovich lived in one of them. How did Speransky end up in Suzdal? But the last months of study, he did not conduct at all in Vladimir. The fact is that in the summer of the year Vladimir, Suzdal and Pereslavl seminary were combined in one with a center in Suzdal.

It is believed that training was held at that time in the bishop chambers of the local Kremlin. But I could not find documentary evidence of this version. The bishops' chambers in Suzdal apparently, such an opinion about the place of study is due to the fact that in different periods of time the Suzdal seminary was located in different places, and therefore in this matter you can really get confused.

Indeed, when the seminary opened in Suzdal, at that time the classes took place in the wards. Then there were crossings, return. We will not go into the details of all “travels”. It is important for us to know something else! Where did classes still conducted when Speransky arrived in Suzdal in Suzdal? It turns out that at that time the training classes were in the Spaso-Euphemal Monastery.

Classes in this monastery began to be held since the year when the seminarians left the Bishops' Chambers of the Suzdal Kremlin and moved to study at the monastery. The Trans-Evfimiev Monastery at the desk, apparently, our hero was sitting in one of the buildings somewhere behind the cathedral of the monastery. These buildings are mentioned by a year.The document of that era says about the dilapidation of educational institutions: “There are four gang -shafts, on both sides of five windows, and there are no windows, furnaces and shops; The ceiling is wooden dilapidated, brick floor in art.

In this rest and to the garden from the canopy, the door is not, but there is no stairs above, but from the monastery to those canopy the door is incapable. ” The Transfiguration Cathedral, apparently, the training buildings on the territory of the monastery eventually put in order. Local seminarians begin to study there. Researcher N. Malitsky, who at the beginning of the last century wrote about the history of the Suzdal seminary, reflected this move of seminarians to new buildings: “In the year on September 1, the opportunity was the opportunity to open classes in a more spacious and convenient place.

From this year, the numbers in the Suzdal Theological Seminary began training sessions organized in relation to the order that existed in other places. ” Malitsky of course, with the union of seminaries for classes, other buildings in the city could be used. But the seminarians studied in the bishop chambers during the arrival of Speransky in Suzdal in Suzdal, I was never found. But this does not exclude the fact that Mikhail Mikhailovich could live in the monastery itself.

And there were prisoners nearby. The fact is that at that time the monastery was also used as a prison. When did Speransky graduate? Different authors answer this question differently. Some write that he graduated from training in the year. His biographer M. Korf wrote in the 19th century that Mikhail Mikhailovich left the seminary in the year. But in the year the work of V.

Tomsinov “Speransky. In the service of the law. " When creating a book, the author involved documents that were not known to other biographers of the statesman of the Russian Empire. It was they who were able to help clarify the date of departure of Mikhail from the Suzdal seminary. He, already as one of the best students, went to conquer the capital on December 16, and not in or a year, as is commonly believed.

In general, we can say that in the early period of Speransky’s life there are many more questions than answers. This is probably why there are inaccuracies and guesses. But it seems that something new about the life of this greatest person in our region still managed to find!