Nikolai Vinogradov Biography

Disable on the page of Vinogradov Nikolai Dmitrievich to disconnect on all pages of the authors to preserve the biography - Nikolai Vinogradov Nikolay Dmitrievich Vinogradov - Russian and Soviet architect, restorer, photographer and collector. He was born in the village of GNITS GLANTS ORLOVA province on May 15 of the year, where the maternal grandfather Fedor Ivanovich Bakhaus, an agronomist from Austria, ruled estates.

The father of the future architect, the Zemsky paramedic, received work on the construction of the Sino-Manchu Railway, so the family moved to Tomsk, and then to Harbin. Since the year, Vinogradov studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, which he graduated in the year. During his studies, he worked for a number of Moscow architects R.

Klein and others. He was known as the “Starost” by the distributor of the tickets of the Art Theater, one of the ... leaders of the military squad of the school, who spent about 7 years in prisons after Moscow events. Vinogradov was the organizer of the “First Exhibition of Lubkov”, collaborating with the artists of the avant -garde M. Larionov and N. From that moment on, he began to collect gingerbread and his collection was about pcs.

During the First World War, Vinogradov worked in the Zemsky construction detachment on the front line, then he was in Pskov, where he photographed monuments of ancient Russian architecture. In the year, he was invited by the architect P. Malinovsky to the People’s Commissariat of Property of the Republic as his deputy, he led there a commission for the protection of monuments, which went into the subordination of the Moscow City Council.

He was responsible for fulfilling the plan of monumental propaganda in Moscow and the chairman of the Mossovet Section section. Cheremnya’s husband’s sister, with whom he came to Moscow to study from Tomsk. He talked with V. Mayakovsky and others. As a specialist in the protection of the heritage of Vinogradov, he collaborated with A. Shchusev, taking part in the justification of the General Plan "New Moscow" in the aspect of heritage protection.

He was the initiator of the urban development examination to identify valuable wooden buildings, the number of which was almost, and organized the exhibition “Outing Wooden Moscow”, which attracted the attention of many architects who worked in the conditions of a shortage of materials and the impossibility of using new technologies. After almost a complete reduction in the states of this commission, Vinogradov created a section of the registration of architectural monuments under the Public Commission “Old Moscow”, transferring the materials and lists of Moscow buildings collected earlier.

The focus of experts and lovers of antiquity now turned out to be white -stone chambers of the 17th century, which were found and examined more. Since the year, Vinogradov has been restoring the Chinese City Wall, the Sukharev Tower, the Triumphal Gate and the Red Gate, the Grotto in the Alexander Garden and the fences of the garden, which are only preserved from all these objects.

Since the year, Vinogradov has been restoring the walls and towers of the Moscow Kremlin, as well as the Annunciation Cathedral, establishing its original forms. At the same time, he witnessed the demolition inside the Kremlin of the monasteries and others. In the middle of the X Vinogradov, he was the initiator of the creation and the leading employee of the Museum of the All -Union Academy of Architecture, wrote a passport for monuments and made their lists.

He led the restoration of the Gonzago Theater in the Arkhangelskoye estate and others. Before the war itself and until the evacuation of the year, he was engaged in organizing the Museum of the Moscow Architectural Institute, led students and graduate students. During the war, Vinogradov earlier, a member of the Special Commission for the work in the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, headed its restoration, which was begun by I.

In the course of these works, he revealed the oldest forms of the Trinity Cathedral and the Church of St. Grabs of Vinogradov created the State Museum of Russian Architecture with the support of A. Schusev now the State Research Museum of Architecture named after A. Schusev and was the first director of this The museum, until the end of his work, worked in it as a deputy director for scientific work.

He gave a lot of effort to the restoration of the building of the era of classicism of the Talyzin house reserved for the museum. Vinogradov’s heritage is not only his historical and architectural studies of the Chinese City Wall, Red Gate, monuments of the Rannemoskovo architecture, but also numerous collections of gingerbread, toys, lubka, Chinese folk pictures, lithographs of masters of avant-garde, etc.

An important place in his heritage is occupied by a photograph, which he was very fond of since the years. In addition to household, family plots, this is the Lubka exhibition, folk costumes, the projects of his fellow practitioners from the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, the architect preserved the archive for the protection of the monuments of the Moscow City Council, including the work of well -known photographers of his time in this meeting is occupied by photographs of Moscow wooden houses of the era of classicism, disassembled into firewood in years.

Among the photos of Vinogradov, the exposition of proletarian museums; The monuments and their sketches, carried out according to the Lenin plan of monumental propaganda, etc. Photos of Vinogradov are in the State Research Museum of Architecture named afterDetailed biography.