The biography of Fatiki Aitova

Trinity, and from that time on, his descendants became hereditary trustees of the mosque with educational institutions. His sons Ahmedzhan Zakirzhan? Akhmedzhan Yaushev was one of the first to assess the economic opportunities that opened after the annexation of Central Asia to Russia, and signed up for Tashkent merchants. Abdulali brothers, they established the trading house "A. Yaushev with the brothers ”, who had the main office in Troitsk, offices in Moscow and Warsaw, in the city of –13.

The Yaushev brothers in the city in -06. Abdulvili was the chairman of this organization. In –95 Troitsk with a complex of educational and household buildings, and in the city of Abdulvali Yaushev, he assumed a trusteeship over the VI mosque in the city of Turkestan now Kazakhstan. Abdulvali Yaushev allocated 6. As we wrote in one of the previous articles, in Galimjan Barudi, Mukhlis Bubi gave the right to teach on this book.

At the initiative, Abduli Yaushev in the city of Trinity Muslim charitable society acquired for the Russian class at the Trinity Madrasah-a 2-story stone building for rub. At the request of Abdultiy, Mullagla and Muhammadsharif Yaushev in the city of honor, Abdulvili Yaushev remained in his honorary guard. In a close alliance with the Imams of the city, including the Great Sheikh Zayulla Rasuloli, the Yaushev brothers became one of the initiators and the main sponsors of reforming the Muslim education system in the South Urals and Northern Kazakhstan.

They opened the new -meter schools in Troitsk, Verkhneuralsk, Kustanai, Troitsky and Chelyabinsk counties, paid benefits to their teachers. As the trustees of the II mosque, the city of Troitsk in the city of Yaushevs reformed the parish madrasah "Muhammadia" on a Jadid basis. They spent on its maintenance annually from 8 to 10 thousand. Abdulvali Yaushev was the vowel of the Trinity City Duma in - gg.

Fatiha Khanum received a traditional Muslim education, in the city the great Tatar scientist Shigabutdin Marjani was invited to their wedding in Troitsk. Suleiman Aitov was the Kazan merchant of the First Guild, an industrialist-Milovar, a deputy of the City Duma, a member of the State Court Committee of the Kazan Branch of the State Bank for Trade and Industrial Loans and the Black Benminus.

He was previously married four times, Fatikha became his last wife. During the years of the GG. AITOV was the treasurer of the Kazan Bureau of the Ittifak Al-Muslim Party. For her dowry, after the death of his father, they wrapped in the city of Fatiha Khanum received significant funds. According to the calculations of the leader of the nobility of the Kazan and Tsarevokokshay districts of A.

Baratynsky in the Kazan district in the school year in Russian educational institutions, a boy and 40 girls of the Tatars studied. Of these, in the gymnasiums of Kazan - 9 boys and 37 girls. Thus, the orientation on the average Russian formation of the wealthy layers of Kazan is clearly visible. The Russian -speaking education remained the lot of the insignificant layer of the higher and middle layers of Kazan.

The number of Russian -speaking schools and the number of students in them Tatars were given hundreds of times to national schools. It should be added to this that Muslims did not have the right to receive state scholarships, although sometimes they received scholarships from zemstvos. Galimjan Ibragimov described the property profile of students of Russian schools: “Who is studying in Russian schools?

What is needed for this? The rich study there, money is needed for this. ” Fatiha Khanum tried to fill this need for quality education for Tatar girls, primarily from the secondary class on religious and national foundations. The growth of a pious middle class during the years of economic upsurge, which began after the revolution in the GG. After the death of Makhruy-Khanum Barudi, her activity continued Lyabib Khusainov, and the school had a summer cycle, but officially had the status of a 4-year-old elementary school.

She received permission and officially the school opened on August 27 G. Fatikha-Khanum after long trouble received permission to open a special two-story stone building for the school. In the first year, 85 girls, residents of Kazan, studied at the school. In the future, their number grew, visiting students began to appear. In the year, the order of students was already studying here. In years, the school had five classes.

Then in the 5th grades there were parallel departments at which students were trained. They were distributed in classes as follows: in grades 1, 2, 3-40 people each, in two 4 to 32 people, in 5 main-30 and parallel-16 people. At this time, nine teachers worked in AITOV Mekteba: seven according to the number of classes, a Russian language teacher and a needlework teacher. The Russian language and needlework were taught by Russian teachers of Ievlev and Moiseev.

In Kazan, assistance to Muslim educational institutions was carried out as part of the activities of the school and school-building commission of the City Duma. In gg. Starting with G., the main thing was not even the amount, since the amount of Aitov spent about 3 to school. Aitova petitions for the transformation of the school into a 6-year madrasah.The Kazan governor wrote to the Minister of the Interior on November 26: “This school is the only one kind of both Russian teachers in it along with Muslim teachers, and in the extreme uncertainty of the teaching program.” According to the Kazan governor, such reformatting was supposed to turn Mektebe Aitova into a women's teacher's school.

At the AITOT school, it was taught such as a Qur'an, creed, hadiths, grammar of the Tatar language and literature, arithmetic, geography, history of Islam, the history of Russia, natural studies, calligraphy, drawing, needlework and Russian. In Russian, domestic history and geography of the Russian Empire were taught. The remaining objects were carried out only in the Tatar language.

A uniform was also introduced - a brown dress, black and white aprons, a white scarf white with a pink border. In Mektabe, great attention was paid to religious education, all students should have strictly observe all the requirements of Islam. In the memorandum of the Kazan training district, the director of public schools wrote that he does not know whether female madrassas exist in Russia and that they can represent.

Fatiha Khanum also addressed the trustee of the Kazan district, but to no avail. In the capital, she turns to the above Ivan Godnev, who was a deputy of the State Duma from the Kazan province from the Union of October 17 party. Godnev and from the Duma rostrum supported the deputies of the Muslim faction of Sadri Maksudi and Gays Enikeev in their struggle for education in his native language.

Fatiha Khanum received the Council to use the “Rules on private institutions, classes and courses of the Ministry of Education, which do not enjoy government educational institutions” approved on July 1 Aitova re -registered the status of her school according to this model. The grand opening of the Tatar female gymnasium was held on October 29 by the representatives of the local administration, the Governor of the Boyarsky, the city head of Boronin, the trustee of the Kazan training district Lomikovsky, the director of the People's Schools Vasiliev, the chairman of the city school committee of the grace, officials of the training district, members of the school committee.

In the gymnasium, in addition to religious, secular objects of arithmetic, geometry were studied; physics; Universal, Russian and Turkic-Tatar history; Russian, Tatar and Arabic; geography and natural science;, drawing and drawing; physics; pedagogy; Hygiene, individual subjects were taught in Russian. The average weekly load was 27-30 training hours. Most of the hours were given to the objects “The Treatment” 4-5 hours a week and “Russian language” 6 hours a week.

School training was paid, poorly issued written supplies, free milk, the poor were studied at the expense of AITOV. The gymnasium functioned before the city of the gymnasium also turned into the center of public life of the Muslims of Kazan. The chairman was Maryam Gubaidullina, a teacher of the AITATA gymnasium, the daughter of the merchant of the 1st Guild Salikh Gubaidullina and the sister of an outstanding historian and public figure Gaziz Gubaidullina.

The meeting took place at the meeting. The widow of Khusain Yamashev - Hadija Tanachev Voice received the most votes, was in second place Fatikha Aitov with the advent of the Bolsheviks Aitov was deprived of her property. She lived in Baku for a while, but in the end she returned to Kazan. At the end of life, left without a livelihood and being paralyzed, Fatiha Khanum lived among children and relatives.