The biography has been mastered

Life was able to master incredibly different conditions on Earth. As a result, incredible biodiversity is a variety of life in all its manifestations. Biostasis understand diversity at three levels of organization [1]: the genetic variety of genes and their options - alleles, a species variety of species in ecosystems and, finally, ecosystem - that is, the variety of ecosystems themselves.

The number of types of organisms on our planet is approximately equal to 7-10 million. According to the calculations of Canadians, 2.2 million animals on the planet only about 7.8 million live in the world ocean. Biodiversity is the result of adaptation to various living conditions on Earth. Since the conditions in the process of development of the planet changed, the species composition of organisms changed.

Most of all were “injured” by sea invertebrates. A number of stages are distinguished, mainly the hydrobionts for example, almost all organisms that inhabit coral reefs disappeared. It turns out that our biodiversity is now, it is a drop in the sea compared to how many species were on our planet earlier. But our biodiversity is at risk. And this threat is a man. Large -scale deforestation and burning of forests, the destruction of coral reefs, uncontrolled fishing, excessive destruction of plants and animals, illegal trade in the species of wild fauna and flora, the use of pesticides, drainage of swamps, pollution of air, the use of the corners of the untouched nature for agricultural needs and the construction of cities - all this causes loss of biodiversity.

In fact, the main reason for the loss of species is the destruction of habitats. It turns out such indirect extermination. Animals and plants simply become nowhere to live. So, over the past years, more species have died out, in our history there are examples of direct extermination. One of the striking examples is a sea or steller cow or a cabbage. It was first discovered on the Commander Islands in the year.

Industrialists who arrived at the Commander Islands who mined Kalanov there, and the researchers hunted steller cows for the sake of their meat. The slaughter of the cabbages was a simple matter - these sluggish and inactive, unable to dive animals could not escape from people who pursued them. Only a part of the cows fell into the hands of people, the rest died at sea from wounds - according to some calculations, hunters received only one of the five hidden cabbages.

From a year, several parties of the Mech industrialists in a total number of up to fifty people wintered in the Commander Islands.

They all hunted sea cows for meat. By the year, sea cows were completely exterminated by the Copper Island. For 10 years, Karl! Remember the cartoon "Rio"? Do you know that the blue ara has disappeared by the year in the wild? Humanity is trying to prevent this process. This is the creation of red books, protected areas, a number of international and domestic laws for example, the Convention on the preservation of biodiversity, the Convention on the ban on the trade in wild species.

This is certainly great. But this is not enough. Preservation of biodiversity is the task of each of us. Types and so several million! The fact is that species diversity determines the stability of the ecosystem, each species is an element of one large mechanism, its disappearance affects the entire system. Therefore, having impoverished it, we will endure our existence.

Let's take care of biodiversity together! Brodsky A. Raup, D.