Mr. Truman biography

Grew up a quiet, unprocessing boy, a bespectacled man and a book, who almost had no friends. At the same time, he dreamed of military exploits, and in M ​​for a short time he spent at the front of the First World War. He did not accomplish any feats there, but the Hero Halked allowed him to marry the childhood girlfriend of Elizabeth Wallas Solisynitsa of the future vice president and receive support in the Democratic Party.

Despite the lack of legal and general education, Harry became the judge of the district. Diligent and helpful, he earned the confidence of the first local political bosses, and then Roosevelt himself. Having become the president, he appointed him responsible for the elimination of unemployment in the state of Missouri. Having successfully coped with the task, Truman went to a new round of his career: in the year he was elected a senator.

Now he began to allow himself loud political statements, and shortly before the war he spoke for an early strengthening of the army and navy. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, who proved him the case, finally turned Truman into a politics of a national scale. Even before that, having learned about the invasion of German troops to the territory of the Soviet Union, he said the famous phrase: “If we see that Germany wins, we should help Russia, and if Russia will win, we should help Germany, and thus, let them kill as much as possible.” Truman was a convinced anti-communist, therefore he became one of the exposure of the vice president of Wallace, who had long fed sympathy for the USSR and cherished the dream of convergence of American capitalism and Russian communism.

Who knows what the fate of Soviet-American relations would be if Wallace stayed at his post and occupied the White House after the death of Roosevelt? Not excluding, apparently, such a scenario, conservative circles of the United States exerted unprecedented pressure on Roosevelt, and as a result, in the election of the year, he refused the left-capacity vice president to support, focusing on the candidacy of Truman.

True, Roosevelt treated him without sympathy: for 82 days of his last presidential term-from January 20 to April 12-he only met with a new vice president twice and forbade him to inform him of secret information, including information about the development of an atomic bomb. Having occupied the presidential chair, Truman learned about the creation of a new terrible weapon - and was shocked.

In his diary, he wrote: “Even if the Japanese are merciless, cruel and fanatical, we, as leaders of the world, cannot drop this terrible bomb on them.” True, he immediately boasted: "Now I have a club against these Russians." For the first time, he waved at the Potsdam conference for the first time, evasively informing Joseph Stalin on July 24 about the presence of nuclear weapons in the United States.

A few days later, military experts presented the president with a forecast, according to which the landing in the Japanese islands was supposed to cost the Americans in a million lives. Realizing that this would be the end of his career, Truman authorized nuclear blows to two Japanese cities. The calculation turned out to be true: the destructive effect of the new weapon, along with the onset of Soviet troops in Manchuria, led to the surrender of the Japanese.

The restraint of communism in words thanks to the Soviet “brothers in arms”, Truman prepared the ground for a decisive break with them. A large role in this was played by his “Long Telegram” of the diplomat George Kennan, who was playing on the table in February, where the need to contain the USSR was proved. The telegram was secret, but already on March 5 the same thoughts were voiced in Fulton Winston Churchill Interestingly that Truman was modestly standing nearby when the ex-Prime Minister of Great Britain announced his warlike calls.

Just a year later, on March 12, in a speech to the US Congress, the president put forward a doctrine aimed at combating communist expansion. First of all, it was about the allocation of the assistance of Turkey and Greece in the amount of million dollars for starters, and in the future, about the placement of American military bases in these countries. According to this plan, European countries were supposed to send substantial assistance from the war - but only if there were no communists in their governments about this condition, Western propaganda was silent and silent until now.

It is clear that the states of Eastern Europe refused American support, which had been included in the orbit of the influence of the USSR, as well as Finland, but 17 countries of Western, Central and Northern Europe and Turkey adopted it. The obstacle to the implementation of the Drumen of Truman was the US Constitution, which prohibited the creation of bases abroad and the conclusion of military unions with foreign states.

In the year, the ban was bypassed with the help of a resolution introduced to the Senate by Republican Arthur Vandenberg. Immediately after this, work began on the basis of military blocs with the dominant role of the United States - and the first among them was the organization of the NATO North Atlantic Treaty, which included 12 countries in April.

NATO core became American troops in Europe, which in Potsdam Truman agreed to withdraw, but later changed his mind, referring to the same “communist threat”.Moreover, despite the resistance of the European allies, he gave the team to include West Germany in the new block, which, again contrary to Potsdam, was allowed to recreate his armed forces. Most countries included in them housed American sea and aircraft, where atomic weapons appeared.

At the end of Go, the Dropshot plan was approved, which suggested the application of a massive nuclear blow to the Soviet Union.

However, this plan was outdated even before its approval: a few months earlier, in August, a successful test of the nuclear bomb was held in the USSR, which forced the United States to move aggression for an indefinite period. The Korean impasse has lost the opportunity to destroy the evil Soviet Union, the president won the positional war with him. Under him, the United States helped the weapon of Chan Kayshi, and after his flight to Taiwan, their troops placed their troops on the island and began the bombing of the Chinese territory by the deployment of Soviet fighters in Shanghai.

Having lost in China, they tried to win in Korea and installed a pro -American “democratic” dictatorship in the south of the peninsula. In June, when it became clear that it would not be possible to unite the country peacefully, the troops of the pro -Soviet North Korea attacked the South and quickly occupied most of it. Under Washington’s dictation, the Security Council decided to send the UN troops to Korea, which became a cover for American intervention.

However, the “easy purification of the country from the Reds”, which was advocated by the Western newspapers, did not work out. Beijing and indirectly Moscow intervened in the war, the Americans and their allies suffered heavy losses. The popularity of Truman, which allowed him to win the presidential election, sharply went down. In addition, he took advantage of the war to “tighten the nuts” inside his country.

At the end of GO, he served in the Congress the introduction of a state of emergency in the United States: strikes were temporarily limited, salaries were prohibited, price regulation for the most important products was introduced. In the same year, Senator Joseph McCarthy began to expose the Communists and sympathizers in the authorities, and although Truman ultimately did not support him, McCartism became the result of the anti -Soviet hysteria that he had unfolded.

The war in Korea dragged on, and the stream of coffins from behind the ocean did not stop. By the year, the President’s rating became record, which allowed the Republicans, led by the popular hero of the war, General Dwight Eisenhower to win the elections. Having left the White House, Truman retired to Independence’s native town, where, following the example of other ex-President, he founded the library named in his honor.

He died in the midst of discharge in the year.