The biography of Kasparov is a chess player

St. Petersburg 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya St. He became the thirteenth world champion, won more than a dozen chess Oscars. The author of about twenty books related to chess. Upon completion of a sports career, he was a participant in several opposition movements, the organizer of the Free Russia forum in Russia was recognized as an undesirable organization. In the year, the eight -fold winner of the World Chess Olympiads turned 60 years old.

Mom considers the most important day of my life on April 13th - the day when I was born. Actually, this could happen a day later, since I was born in but I was born, and, contrary to all superstitions, this figure turned out to be happy for me. So much so that I even became the thirteenth world champion. Mixed Jewish-Armenian blood flows in his veins.

Kim Moiseevich and Klara Shagenovna, both engineers, enjoyed great authority in the city, like Grandfather Harry - the famous Baku composer and conductor Moses Rubinovich Weinstein, and grandmother - music teacher. Their grandson already at the age of five proved that he would soon also become an extraordinary person. In childhood, Harry Kasparov loved to watch his relatives play chess.

Once he prompted his father the right move, after which his parents began to introduce him to this type of sports art. In addition to chess classes in the Palace of Pioneers under the leadership of Oleg Povorotsky, Harry devoted a lot of time to reading. There was a huge library in the house, including two hundred volumes of “Libraries of World Literature”.

Later, calling his favorite genres, the seventeen -year -old Kasparov told the journalist: the first place, of course, occupy historical novels. If you want, I will list the eras, especially the history of Rome, Caesar, the ancient history, the Middle Ages, the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the Franco-Prussian war, the unification of Germany, the first and second world wars.

I remember how in childhood my father read to me aloud the “feat of Magellan” Stefan Zweig. When I suffered sufficiently the alphabet, I re -read Cweig myself. And one of my first books, oddly enough, was Napoleon Tarle. It is time, by the way, to re -read it. At one time, Feikhtwanger made a strong impression on me. And, of course, not only my name, although, sitting down at the board, I always hope for success.

Following this novel, I swallowed the entire collected works of the great German writer. At the age of seventeen, Kasparov was already a famous chess player throughout the country, therefore, therefore, he compared great literary works with this game: I would have classified the “history of the French revolution” by Prince Kropotkin. Among the beloved writers are also Jack London and Ernest Hemingway.

The story shocked me so that I absorbed it over and over again and could not return to a state of balance. A man fights with nature, the ocean, and it all seemed to me that there was a deadly battle behind the chessboard. And only later, when another great book of Hemingway fell into the hands - “on whom the bell calls,” I got rid of this obsessive idea. The chess career, despite numerous hobbies, the main interest of Harry remained chess.

At the age of seven, the future champion was left without a father burned from cancer, and mother dedicated her life to the chess triumph of her son. And a year later, Clara Shagenovna decided to change the name of her son, and at the same time his nationality. From the Jew Weinstein, he turned into an Armenian Kasparov. By that time, he managed to participate in the All -Union chess tournament between the houses of the pioneers and managed to impress with his game.

The first battles with adult chess players took place in Baku, in the "Intellectual Park", where players with boards sat on each bench. Harry Kasparov and his coach Alexander Nikitin when the boy was twelve, he entered the chess school of Mikhail Botvinnik. He was engaged in an individual program, and he was even paid a scholarship. Two years later, he received the title of master of sports, then became an assistant to Botvinnik.

At the age of 17, Harry graduated from a school with a gold medal and received the title of grandmaster. Harry Kasparov in his youth in the year, at the chess Olympics in Switzerland, the youngest champion of the Soviet Union won a brilliant victory, receiving his first chess Oscar. At this tournament, Kasparov beat six grandmasters, including Victor Korchny, with whom Anatoly Karpov refused to play, and five games completed a draw.

The draw, held at the end of the Olympics, determined the enemy for Harry in the quarterfinals of applicant matches. It became Alexander Belyavsky, whom Bakinets beat the semifinals with Viktor Korchno, who almost broke. The high patron of Kasparov, Heydar Aliyev, intervened. This is how the president of the National Olympic Committee of Azerbaijan Yuri Mammadov described this story: we start with the current world champion Anatoly Karpov.

In order to go to the match with Karpov, it was first necessary to play with Korchnykh. Having beaten it, play with Symoslov, and then, in case of victory, play with Karpov.The first match of applicants was to take place in Pasadena between Korchny and Kasparov. Naturally, according to the existing rules, he counted the technical defeat. And he made the impossible so that Kasparov could still play this match.

He twisted everything back. In my opinion, the match was held in Yugoslavia. Kasparov won the match, then they played in Riga with Slimov. It was after this that the famous half-year marathon of Karpov-Kasparov for the title of World Champion began in the year. The beginning for Harry was deplorable: an account in favor of Karpov and a long series of draws that were not counted.

Only after thirty meetings, Kasparov managed to move the score from the dead point, and when approaching the fiftieth, Harry Kasparov became and Anatoly Karpov was worried about the outcome of the game, the sports and party nomenclature announced the completion of the match allegedly due to the state of health of the championship participants. The new tournament was appointed for the fall of the year.

Before that, Kasparov gave an interview to the magazine "Spiegel", which almost led to his disqualification, if not for the intervention of Alexander Yakovlev. Later, Harry Kimovich recalled: ... my acquaintance with Alexander Nikolaevich took place 20 years ago, in February - then matches for the world championship for a long time were a kind of prerogative of the CPSU Central Committee, i.e.

it was just after those scandals that accompanied the closure of my first match with Karpov, when the plans of my disqualification were receded. And suddenly it became clear that the match would take place, because a new head of the propaganda and agitation department appeared in the Central Committee, A. According to Kasparov, all the bureaucrats with whom he previously dealt were on one person.

But Alexander Nikolaevich was different from them. He looked with a light ironic grin. I brought some of my next document that discrimination, that the rights are violated, that there is no parity. Alexander Nikolaevich took the document, looked, read it, and then suddenly uttered the words that shocked me: "Young man, you abuse adjectives." Such a reaction, so incredible in these walls, convinced me that I am dealing with a person who does not belong to all these offices, the walls that were saturated with an official spirit.

This conversation - it seems to be about nothing - convinced me that everything changed, and, returning home, I told my mother: “It seems to me that they allowed me to win the match with Karpov. I can now play normally. ” The tournament, which began on September 1 and ended on November 10, between the current world champion and the applicant, was very tense and ended with the score at 22 Harry Kasparov became the thirteenth and youngest world chess champion and held this record for many years.

Five years later, after numerous victories and triumphs, Harry Kasparov said that he was leaving chess for the sake of politics and books. Fifteen years later, he stood at the head of the United Civil Front, opposing the policy of Russian President Vladimir Putin. Earlier, Kasparov considered Putin the leader-pragmatist, who would contribute to the formation of democracy, but was soon disappointed.

In the year, the ex-champion of the world in chess created the opposition coalition “Solidarity”, which advocated the leading of the people to rallies of protest. The main issue discussed on them was Putin's resignation from the presidential post. Harry Kasparov at the rally “Marsh of the Disagreements”, after calling for a conversation in the Investigative Committee, Kasparov spoke about an attempt to restrict his freedom and went abroad.

He soon stated that he would continue the struggle against the “Kremlin regime” at the international level. On his website, he openly called on to organize mass events, “marshmallows”, etc. Roskomnadzor blocked the Kasparov website in the year. Then the chess player received the citizenship of Croatia, where he acquired real estate at the Primorsky resort of Makarsk.

In the year, Kasparov, together with Ivan Tyutrin, a former member of the “solidarity”, organized the first conference “Forum of Free Russia” in Russia in Vilnius in Russia since February was recognized as an “unwanted organization”, which was gathered by the opposition politicians. Harry Kasparov at the Forum of Free Russia also ex-champion of the world took the post of chairman of the Human Rights Fund and participated in various foreign events with discussions of the situation in Russia.

In the year, Kasparov was included in the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation in the register of individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent. Then his resonant interview with Dmitry Gordon was held in the list of terrorists and extremists of Rosfinmonitoring, in the register of foreign agents of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, it was also recognized as a foreigner and entered into the register of persons involved in extremist activity or terrorism.

Books from the mid -eighties Harry Kimovich devoted his time not only to the game, but also to chess analytics. In him, he issued the collection “Testing Time”, in which a analysis of more than eighty of the best parties played was presented. The book “Two matches: the match and the match for the world championships”, and the political autobiography “Child of Changes”, published first in England, and then, with corrections and clarifications, in the USSR, saw the light.

In Russian, he came out under the name "Unlimited duel." The book of Harry Kasparov “Unlimited duel”, upon completion of the chess career, the Grandmaster wrote the cycle “My Great Predecessors”, which included narratives about Staynitsa, Spassky, Alekhin and other chess players with world names. One of the last books, written by Kasparov in tandem with an instant Greenard was called “Man and a Computer.

A look into the future ”was released in the year. In the year, he became the co -founder of the company "Echo of Moscow". Later, the shareholder sold his package to Vladimir Gusinsky, and he himself took up air transportation, creating Kasparov-Consulting. At the same time, the chess player did not leave his favorite game with his attention and was a member of the creation of several computer chess programs.

Harry Kasparov’s personal life in his youth, the famous burning brunette had no shortage of fans.