Biography BORR Presentation

He graduated from the Copenhagen University in Cambridge with J. Thomson, in –13-in Manchester by E. S-a professor of Copenhagen University and C-the director of the instrument-a theoretical physics, who became the international center of theoretical physicists and played a big role in the international communication of the Institute of Institute of Niels Bor.

Father O. as a scientist Bor was formed in a very acute period for physics, when she came close to the study of the world of nuclear processes and related fields. The works of M. Plack, A. Einstein, analysis of the spectra of radiation of atoms has already shown not the usuality of the laws of the microworld. A huge experimental material was accumulated, very contradictory in the light of previously known laws.

A fundamentally new approach was needed to create a physical picture of atomic processes. The important merit of Bora was that he found such an approach. He oriented physicists to study the contradictory aspects of the physical reality of the microworld, formulated the idea of ​​the discreteness of the energy states of atoms, built an atomic model in the light of new ideas, opening the conditions of atoms stability, and explained the large circle of phenomena in, based on the idea of ​​M.

The bar on quantification of energy, boron based on the model of the Rutherford atomus created its theory of a hydrogen -like atom, based on two postulates, which directly contradicted the classical representations and laws, it was the first quantum model of the atom, which laid the foundation for the new era in the atomic theory according to this theory, the planetary structure of the atom and the properties of its radiation spectrum are easily explained, if we assume that the electron in the electron in The atom “obeys” to some restrictions that Boro formulated in the form of two postulates.

Bor established the presence of stationary permitted orbits in the atom, moving through which the electron, contrary to the laws of electrodynamics, does not emit energy, but can go to the ceremonial orbit more close to the nucleus, while emitting an energy quantum equal to the difference in atom's energies in stationary states, developed some quantification rules.

The theory of Bor allowed to explain a number of complex issues of the structure of the atom and facts, which the classical physics was unable to do. In particular, Bor found the basic laws of spectral lines and electronic shells of atoms, explained the features of the periodic system of chemical elements, proposing his version of the image of the periodic system of elements, and in the same year he came to the idea of ​​the shell structure of the atom, based on the classification of electronic orbits according to the main and azimutal quantum.

For the creation of a quantum theory of the planetary atom in the Nobel Prize, he was awarded. In formulated the principle of conformity that important for the new atomic theory, showing exactly when the quantum restrictions are significant, and when there is enough classical physics. Bor has done a lot for the formation and interpretation of quantum mechanics that arose in the 10th years of our century.

The efforts of Bora and his employees and students created a harmonious system of physical ideas of quantum mechanics. In formulated the principle of complementarity, which was important for its understanding, which led to his well -known discussions with A. Einstein about determinism. Criticism by Einstein, according to Borus himself, contributed to a deeper understanding of quantum mechanics.

In the interpretation of new ideas and facts, in the theory of cognition, Bor sometimes expressed erroneous philosophical statements, and his individual formulations served as the reason for the interpretation of his statements in the positivist spirit, however, as V. Foc writes, “the general impression of all the works of the boron, starting from the very first, is their deep dialectivity.

Bora is not concerned about the contradictions that arise when it is approaching essentially new natural phenomena from the point of view of old concepts and old views, he is looking for resolution of contradictions in new ideas. ” Bor did a lot for the development of nuclear physics. He is the author of the theory of the composite nucleus, one of the creators of the drip model of the nucleus and the theory of division of the atomic nucleus together with J.

Wieler, regardless of J. Frenkel, gave a quantitative interpretation of the division of the nucleus, introducing the so -called division parameter, predicted the spontaneous division of Uranus.

In formulated an important theorem of statistical mechanics, which was reduced in J. Van Leven theorem Bor-Van Leven.