Griboedov biography literature

Griboedov Alexander, he left behind a real literary monument, as well as the story of bright, as a flash, love and inseparable death from it. The childhood and youth of Alexander Griboedov according to the generally accepted version, the future poet was born in Moscow on January 4, 15 years, however, in various intravital and posthumous documents as the year of the birth of Alexander Griboedov, they are also called, and GG.

The reasons for such confusion could be both banal mistakes of clerks and attempts to hide the birth before the marriage of parents, capable of depriving the young man of the noble title. The boy’s parents are the captain of the Yaroslavl Infantry Regiment Sergey Ivanovich Griboedov-who, when resigned, received the title of second-major, and Anastasia Fedorovna Griboedova--belonged to two branches of the same old family who had Polish roots.

In addition to Alexander, two more children were born in the family: the son of Pavel and daughter Maria, who died in infancy -, in the future, the wife of the leader of the Tula nobility Alexei Mikhailovich Durnovo. Alexander with his sister maintained a warm relationship all his life. The boy received primary education quite traditionally for those years-at home, under the leadership of the tutor I.

Petrosilius, later known to the philologist. In the year, Alexander was sent to a boarding house at the University of Moscow, whose student was a summer boy already in the year. He elected the faculty of literature, and not by chance: in the earliest years, Alexander Griboedov manifested a talent for literature and foreign languages, and by the time of admission to the university, in addition to English, French, German and Italian, he knew Latin and ancient Greek well.

In the year, Alexander Griboedov successfully passed the exam for the scientific degree of the candidate candidate, after which he left the university in favor of private lectures of the writer and philosopher of Professor I. at the same time Alexander became a regular in the literary meetings of Moscow students. He returned to the university to Griboedov, this time to the legal department of the Faculty of Philosophy.

By the year, he became a candidate of law and intended to keep an exam for a doctoral degree in this area, but the army of Napoleon Bonaparte was prevented into Russia. Griboedov’s life immediately after the outbreak of war Griboedov entered the Moscow Hussar Regiment formed from volunteers, but the young man failed to fight the French. The recruitment of the regiment was delayed, and in September, Alexander became seriously ill.

His regiment, meanwhile, was transferred from the left by Moscow to Kazan, and then to Brest-Litovsk, where heavy losses in the Borodino battle of the Irkutsk Dragoon Regiment were leaked with the remnants of the I suffered. Soon, Griboedov also returned to the regiment, called the Irkutsk Hussars. In the military service, the hussar cornet remained until the end of the year, without gaining glory on the battlefield-in the subordination of General A.

Kologrivov, he dealt with the issues of recruiting and preparing the cavalry of the reserve army in Brest-Litovsk and Kobrin, simultaneously studying the Polish language. Having retired, Griboedov settled in St. Petersburg, where he plunged into secular life with his head. In the year, he decided to return to his studies by entering the Tartu University of Tartu, however, in the summer of the year Griboedov’s new page began - the young man entered the diplomatic service in the collegium of foreign affairs, receiving the rank of provincial secretary.

Then, in November, an event took place, which is believed to have seriously affected the worldview of a young diplomat - a famous quadruple duel. When the Cavalier Guard officer V. Sheremetev, because of the woman, called A. Zavadovsky’s chamber, their seconds, the Guards Cornet A. Yakubovich and A. Griboedov formed a second couple of duelists to the fight. Researchers are still arguing who called whom - Yakubovich Griboedov, or Griboedov Yakubovich - but most of the historians agree that the hostility between these two was a long -standing, since the time of joint studies at the Moscow University boarding house.

As a result, Zavadovsky mortally wounded Sheremetev, and the second match had to be postponed. In the year, finding herself at the fork of a diplomatic career, Griboedov refused to post the Russian diplomatic mission in the United States and in August went to Persia as a secretary of the Russian attorney in S.'s affairs in October, while traveling in Tiflis, Griboedov met Yakubovich who was exiled to warrant officers.

The duel ended with little blood - Yakubovich, who shot the first, broke the little finger of Griboedov’s left hand with a bullet, and he accidentally or intentionally missed. Subsequently, this wound will play an important role not in life, but in the posthumous fate of Alexander Sergeyevich. Throughout the trip to Persia of Griboedov, he led to travel notes, which would have the honor of many ethnographers of that time.

On the way back to Russia in the fall of the year, he returned to his homeland a significant number of captured Russian soldiers of the war - gg. He persuaded some to return to the private order, bought someone, and rescued others through negotiations with Shah. Again, Griboedov was in Persia at the beginning of the year.After a year and a half, due to health reasons, he transferred to Georgia, but in February the year again returned to Tauris Tabriz, where foreign embassies were located in Persia.

This time, Griboedov came here as the secretary of the Russian ambassador, the famous General A. In the year, Griboedov returned to Russia. For two and a half years he lived in Moscow, then in St. Petersburg, then in the Tula province. In the spring of the year, a retired diplomat gathered on a trip to Europe, but instead had to return to the service in the Caucasus. In January, in Georgia, Griboedov was arrested on suspicion of participating in the conspiracy of the Decembrists.

It was not possible to find direct evidence of his participation in secret societies, and Griboedov himself categorically denied this. Six months later, he not only found himself at large, but also with compensation for a false charge of an increase of rank and double annual salary. In September, Griboedov again recovered in the diplomatic service. In the next one and a half years, he took an active part in the development of the conditions of the so-called Turkmanchai treatise-a peace treaty following the results of the Russo-Persian War-GG.

Paskevich delivered a report to the world in St. Petersburg. The merits of A. Griboedov did not go unnoticed at the court. According to the results of the war in the summer of the year, he was appointed a Russian ambassador to Persia. Six months later, Alexander Sergeyevich’s life broke off. Alexander Griboedov began the work of Alexander Griboedov seriously to try his hand in literature during the years of study at the university.

There, he wrote several not preserved poems and also the satirically parody opera Dmitry Dryanskaya, who had also not come to our time. In the year, while in military service, Cornet Griboedov published in the journal "Bulletin of Europe" the article "Letter from Brest-Litovsk to the publisher" and "On Cavalry Reserves". The next year, the comedy play “Young Spouses” was released, written as a parody of French comedies, literally flooding the Russian theater stage.

In - gg. Griboedov writes several more plays, including co -authorship with more experienced writers, speaking more on the second roles. Alexander Griboedov began work on the satirical play “Woe from Wit”, his most famous work, and finished only in the year. The comedy, which was destined to disperse into quotes, turned out to be a real slanting higher light. Nowadays, she is included in the school curriculum, and during his life the author did not see his work completely printed.

The play diverged in manuscript lists, but in the press came with significant reductions only in the year, and the first full publication took place in the year. On the theater scene, the premiere without bills was put in the year. In addition to literature, Griboedov was engaged in music. He was a talented pianist and composer, but most of his musical works were not preserved.

The irony of fate, one of the two rolled rods of the authorship of Griboedov became the first Russian work of this genre known to us. The family and personal life of Alexander Griboedov returning to Russia from Persia in the spring of the year, Griboedov stopped in Tiflis with his old acquaintance, Prince A., being in Georgia in Georgia in the year, Alexander Sergeyevich gave music lessons to the daughter of the owner of the house Nina Nino, and now, six years later, he was surprised as the summer princess.

Feelings that flashed in it turned out to be mutual, and already on August 22 on September 3. Alexander Sergeyevich Griboedov and Nina Alexandrovna Chavchavadze - married in the main Tiflis Cathedral of Sioni. Family life lasted less than four months. Leaving the pregnant wife in Tauris, Griboedov left to meet the death of Tegeran. Nina learned about her husband’s death with a significant delay - relatives tried to protect her from tragic news, but could not keep the secret.

Premature birth followed, and the child of Griboedov died on the same day. The widow remained faithful to Griboedov until her death and, without taking off three decades of black clothes, became the city legend of Tiflis. Nina Alexandrovna died during an epidemic of cholera in the year and was buried next to her husband on Tbilisi Mount Mtatsmind. The death and funeral of the Persian shah, having lost the war in the year, was on the verge of ruin.

The burden of payment of indemnities fell on ordinary people, which caused unrest in Tehran. In addition, one of the conditions of the peace treaty was the unhindered departure from the country of Christians, mostly Armenians. The Russian mission predictably became their refuge, and emigrants flocked here from all over Persia. Among them was the chief eunuch of the harem and part -time treasurer Shah, as well as two concubines of his closest relative.

Griboedov responded with a firm refusal to the demand of the Shah who could give out important fugitives who could tell the Russians to the Russians, and the scandal burst out onto the streets erupted. The disfigured body of Alexander Griboedov managed to identify only by the scars on the hand, which remained in memory of the long -standing quadruple duel.

In the summer of the same year, the remains of the ambassador with honors were transported to Georgia.There, in the vicinity of Tbilisi, in the grotto under the church of St. David on the slope of Mount Mtatsmind, his grave is still located. On the tombstone by the will of the wife of A. Griboedov, the inscription is knocked out: “Your mind and deeds are immortal in Russian memory, but why my love experienced you!

To make amends, Shah Fetch Ali Shah sent rich gifts to St. Petersburg, including the famous Shah Almaz. In the interests of both sides, it was decided to consider Tehran bloodshed an annoying misunderstanding and betraying it.